encoding.cpp

Go to the documentation of this file.

 
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2019-2021 Tobias Flaig.
 *
 * This file is part of nawa.
 *
 * nawa is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License,
 * version 3, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * nawa is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
 * along with nawa.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
#include <base64/base64.h>
#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
#include <codecvt>
#include <iomanip>
#include <nawa/util/encoding.h>
#include <nawa/util/utils.h>
#include <punycode/punycode.h>
#include <regex>
#include <sstream>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
 
using namespace nawa;
using namespace std;
 
namespace {
    unordered_map<char32_t, u32string> const htmlEntities =
            {{U'\u00C1', U"&Aacute;"}, {U'\u00E1', U"&aacute;"}, {U'\u0102', U"&Abreve;"}, {U'\u0103', U"&abreve;"}, {U'\u223E', U"&ac;"}, {U'\u223F', U"&acd;"}, {U'\u223E', U""}, {U'\u00C2', U"&Acirc;"}, {U'\u00E2', U"&acirc;"}, {U'\u00B4', U"&acute;"}, {U'\u0410', U"&Acy;"}, {U'\u0430', U"&acy;"}, {U'\u00C6', U"&AElig;"}, {U'\u00E6', U"&aelig;"}, {U'\u2061', U"&af;"}, {U'\U0001d504', U"&Afr;"}, {U'\U0001d51e', U"&afr;"}, {U'\u00C0', U"&Agrave;"}, {U'\u00E0', U"&agrave;"}, {U'\u2135', U"&alefsym;"}, {U'\u0391', U"&Alpha;"}, {U'\u03B1', U"&alpha;"}, {U'\u0100', U"&Amacr;"}, {U'\u0101', U"&amacr;"}, {U'\u2A3F', U"&amalg;"}, {U'\u0026', U"&amp;"}, {U'\u2A55', U"&andand;"}, {U'\u2A53', U"&And;"}, {U'\u2227', U"&and;"}, {U'\u2A5C', U"&andd;"}, {U'\u2A58', U"&andslope;"}, {U'\u2A5A', U"&andv;"}, {U'\u2220', U"&ang;"}, {U'\u29A4', U"&ange;"}, {U'\u29A8', U"&angmsdaa;"}, {U'\u29A9', U"&angmsdab;"}, {U'\u29AA', U"&angmsdac;"}, {U'\u29AB', U"&angmsdad;"}, {U'\u29AC', U"&angmsdae;"}, {U'\u29AD', U"&angmsdaf;"}, {U'\u29AE', U"&angmsdag;"}, {U'\u29AF', U"&angmsdah;"}, {U'\u2221', U"&angmsd;"}, {U'\u221F', U"&angrt;"}, {U'\u22BE', U"&angrtvb;"}, {U'\u299D', U"&angrtvbd;"}, {U'\u2222', U"&angsph;"}, {U'\u00C5', U"&angst;"}, {U'\u237C', U"&angzarr;"}, {U'\u0104', U"&Aogon;"}, {U'\u0105', U"&aogon;"}, {U'\U0001d538', U"&Aopf;"}, {U'\U0001d552', U"&aopf;"}, {U'\u2A6F', U"&apacir;"}, {U'\u2248', U"&ap;"}, {U'\u2A70', U"&apE;"}, {U'\u224A', U"&ape;"}, {U'\u224B', U"&apid;"}, {U'\u0027', U"&apos;"}, {U'\u00E5', U"&aring;"}, {U'\U0001d49c', U"&Ascr;"}, {U'\U0001d4b6', U"&ascr;"}, {U'\u2254', U"&Assign;"}, {U'\u002A', U"&ast;"}, {U'\u224D', U"&asympeq;"}, {U'\u00C3', U"&Atilde;"}, {U'\u00E3', U"&atilde;"}, {U'\u00C4', U"&Auml;"}, {U'\u00E4', U"&auml;"}, {U'\u2233', U"&awconint;"}, {U'\u2A11', U"&awint;"}, {U'\u224C', U"&backcong;"}, {U'\u03F6', U"&backepsilon;"}, {U'\u2035', U"&backprime;"}, {U'\u223D', U"&backsim;"}, {U'\u22CD', U"&backsimeq;"}, {U'\u2216', U"&Backslash;"}, {U'\u2AE7', U"&Barv;"}, {U'\u22BD', U"&barvee;"}, {U'\u2305', U"&barwed;"}, {U'\u2306', U"&Barwed;"}, {U'\u23B5', U"&bbrk;"}, {U'\u23B6', U"&bbrktbrk;"}, {U'\u0411', U"&Bcy;"}, {U'\u0431', U"&bcy;"}, {U'\u201E', U"&bdquo;"}, {U'\u2235', U"&becaus;"}, {U'\u29B0', U"&bemptyv;"}, {U'\u212C', U"&bernou;"}, {U'\u0392', U"&Beta;"}, {U'\u03B2', U"&beta;"}, {U'\u2136', U"&beth;"}, {U'\u226C', U"&between;"}, {U'\U0001d505', U"&Bfr;"}, {U'\U0001d51f', U"&bfr;"}, {U'\u22C2', U"&bigcap;"}, {U'\u25EF', U"&bigcirc;"}, {U'\u22C3', U"&bigcup;"}, {U'\u2A00', U"&bigodot;"}, {U'\u2A01', U"&bigoplus;"}, {U'\u2A02', U"&bigotimes;"}, {U'\u2A06', U"&bigsqcup;"}, {U'\u2605', U"&bigstar;"}, {U'\u25BD', U"&bigtriangledown;"}, {U'\u25B3', U"&bigtriangleup;"}, {U'\u2A04', U"&biguplus;"}, {U'\u22C1', U"&bigvee;"}, {U'\u22C0', U"&bigwedge;"}, {U'\u290D', U"&bkarow;"}, {U'\u29EB', U"&blacklozenge;"}, {U'\u25AA', U"&blacksquare;"}, {U'\u25B4', U"&blacktriangle;"}, {U'\u25BE', U"&blacktriangledown;"}, {U'\u25C2', U"&blacktriangleleft;"}, {U'\u25B8', U"&blacktriangleright;"}, {U'\u2423', U"&blank;"}, {U'\u2592', U"&blk12;"}, {U'\u2591', U"&blk14;"}, {U'\u2593', U"&blk34;"}, {U'\u2588', U"&block;"}, {U'\u003D', U""}, {U'\u2261', U""}, {U'\u2AED', U"&bNot;"}, {U'\u2310', U"&bnot;"}, {U'\U0001d539', U"&Bopf;"}, {U'\U0001d553', U"&bopf;"}, {U'\u22A5', U"&bot;"}, {U'\u22C8', U"&bowtie;"}, {U'\u29C9', U"&boxbox;"}, {U'\u2510', U"&boxdl;"}, {U'\u2555', U"&boxdL;"}, {U'\u2556', U"&boxDl;"}, {U'\u2557', U"&boxDL;"}, {U'\u250C', U"&boxdr;"}, {U'\u2552', U"&boxdR;"}, {U'\u2553', U"&boxDr;"}, {U'\u2554', U"&boxDR;"}, {U'\u2500', U"&boxh;"}, {U'\u2550', U"&boxH;"}, {U'\u252C', U"&boxhd;"}, {U'\u2564', U"&boxHd;"}, {U'\u2565', U"&boxhD;"}, {U'\u2566', U"&boxHD;"}, {U'\u2534', U"&boxhu;"}, {U'\u2567', U"&boxHu;"}, {U'\u2568', U"&boxhU;"}, {U'\u2569', U"&boxHU;"}, {U'\u229F', U"&boxminus;"}, {U'\u229E', U"&boxplus;"}, {U'\u22A0', U"&boxtimes;"}, {U'\u2518', U"&boxul;"}, {U'\u255B', U"&boxuL;"}, {U'\u255C', U"&boxUl;"}, {U'\u255D', U"&boxUL;"}, {U'\u2514', U"&boxur;"}, {U'\u2558', U"&boxuR;"}, {U'\u2559', U"&boxUr;"}, {U'\u255A', U"&boxUR;"}, {U'\u2502', U"&boxv;"}, {U'\u2551', U"&boxV;"}, {U'\u253C', U"&boxvh;"}, {U'\u256A', U"&boxvH;"}, {U'\u256B', U"&boxVh;"}, {U'\u256C', U"&boxVH;"}, {U'\u2524', U"&boxvl;"}, {U'\u2561', U"&boxvL;"}, {U'\u2562', U"&boxVl;"}, {U'\u2563', U"&boxVL;"}, {U'\u251C', U"&boxvr;"}, {U'\u255E', U"&boxvR;"}, {U'\u255F', U"&boxVr;"}, {U'\u2560', U"&boxVR;"}, {U'\u02D8', U"&breve;"}, {U'\u00A6', U"&brvbar;"}, {U'\U0001d4b7', U"&bscr;"}, {U'\u204F', U"&bsemi;"}, {U'\u29C5', U"&bsolb;"}, {U'\u005C', U"&bsol;"}, {U'\u27C8', U"&bsolhsub;"}, {U'\u2022', U"&bull;"}, {U'\u224E', U"&bump;"}, {U'\u2AAE', U"&bumpE;"}, {U'\u224F', U"&bumpe;"}, {U'\u0106', U"&Cacute;"}, {U'\u0107', U"&cacute;"}, {U'\u2A44', U"&capand;"}, {U'\u2A49', U"&capbrcup;"}, {U'\u2A4B', U"&capcap;"}, {U'\u2229', U"&cap;"}, {U'\u22D2', U"&Cap;"}, {U'\u2A47', U"&capcup;"}, {U'\u2A40', U"&capdot;"}, {U'\u2145', U"&CapitalDifferentialD;"}, {U'\u2229', U""}, {U'\u2041', U"&caret;"}, {U'\u02C7', U"&caron;"}, {U'\u212D', U"&Cayleys;"}, {U'\u2A4D', U"&ccaps;"}, {U'\u010C', U"&Ccaron;"}, {U'\u010D', U"&ccaron;"}, {U'\u00C7', U"&Ccedil;"}, {U'\u00E7', U"&ccedil;"}, {U'\u0108', U"&Ccirc;"}, {U'\u0109', U"&ccirc;"}, {U'\u2230', U"&Cconint;"}, {U'\u2A4C', U"&ccups;"}, {U'\u2A50', U"&ccupssm;"}, {U'\u010A', U"&Cdot;"}, {U'\u010B', U"&cdot;"}, {U'\u00B8', U"&cedil;"}, {U'\u29B2', U"&cemptyv;"}, {U'\u00A2', U"&cent;"}, {U'\u00B7', U"&centerdot;"}, {U'\U0001d520', U"&cfr;"}, {U'\u0427', U"&CHcy;"}, {U'\u0447', U"&chcy;"}, {U'\u2713', U"&check;"}, {U'\u03A7', U"&Chi;"}, {U'\u03C7', U"&chi;"}, {U'\u02C6', U"&circ;"}, {U'\u2257', U"&circeq;"}, {U'\u21BA', U"&circlearrowleft;"}, {U'\u21BB', U"&circlearrowright;"}, {U'\u229B', U"&circledast;"}, {U'\u229A', U"&circledcirc;"}, {U'\u229D', U"&circleddash;"}, {U'\u2299', U"&CircleDot;"}, {U'\u00AE', U"&circledR;"}, {U'\u24C8', U"&circledS;"}, {U'\u2296', U"&CircleMinus;"}, {U'\u2295', U"&CirclePlus;"}, {U'\u2297', U"&CircleTimes;"}, {U'\u25CB', U"&cir;"}, {U'\u29C3', U"&cirE;"}, {U'\u2A10', U"&cirfnint;"}, {U'\u2AEF', U"&cirmid;"}, {U'\u29C2', U"&cirscir;"}, {U'\u2232', U"&ClockwiseContourIntegral;"}, {U'\u201D', U"&CloseCurlyDoubleQuote;"}, {U'\u2019', U"&CloseCurlyQuote;"}, {U'\u2663', U"&clubs;"}, {U'\u003A', U"&colon;"}, {U'\u2237', U"&Colon;"}, {U'\u2A74', U"&Colone;"}, {U'\u002C', U"&comma;"}, {U'\u0040', U"&commat;"}, {U'\u2201', U"&comp;"}, {U'\u2218', U"&compfn;"}, {U'\u2102', U"&complexes;"}, {U'\u2245', U"&cong;"}, {U'\u2A6D', U"&congdot;"}, {U'\u2261', U"&Congruent;"}, {U'\u222E', U"&conint;"}, {U'\u222F', U"&Conint;"}, {U'\U0001d554', U"&copf;"}, {U'\u2210', U"&coprod;"}, {U'\u00A9', U"&copy;"}, {U'\u2117', U"&copysr;"}, {U'\u21B5', U"&crarr;"}, {U'\u2717', U"&cross;"}, {U'\u2A2F', U"&Cross;"}, {U'\U0001d49e', U"&Cscr;"}, {U'\U0001d4b8', U"&cscr;"}, {U'\u2ACF', U"&csub;"}, {U'\u2AD1', U"&csube;"}, {U'\u2AD0', U"&csup;"}, {U'\u2AD2', U"&csupe;"}, {U'\u22EF', U"&ctdot;"}, {U'\u2938', U"&cudarrl;"}, {U'\u2935', U"&cudarrr;"}, {U'\u22DE', U"&cuepr;"}, {U'\u22DF', U"&cuesc;"}, {U'\u21B6', U"&cularr;"}, {U'\u293D', U"&cularrp;"}, {U'\u2A48', U"&cupbrcap;"}, {U'\u2A46', U"&cupcap;"}, {U'\u222A', U"&cup;"}, {U'\u22D3', U"&Cup;"}, {U'\u2A4A', U"&cupcup;"}, {U'\u228D', U"&cupdot;"}, {U'\u2A45', U"&cupor;"}, {U'\u222A', U""}, {U'\u21B7', U"&curarr;"}, {U'\u293C', U"&curarrm;"}, {U'\u22CE', U"&curlyvee;"}, {U'\u22CF', U"&curlywedge;"}, {U'\u00A4', U"&curren;"}, {U'\u2231', U"&cwint;"}, {U'\u232D', U"&cylcty;"}, {U'\u2020', U"&dagger;"}, {U'\u2021', U"&Dagger;"}, {U'\u2138', U"&daleth;"}, {U'\u2193', U"&darr;"}, {U'\u21A1', U"&Darr;"}, {U'\u21D3', U"&dArr;"}, {U'\u2010', U"&dash;"}, {U'\u2AE4', U"&Dashv;"}, {U'\u22A3', U"&dashv;"}, {U'\u290F', U"&dbkarow;"}, {U'\u02DD', U"&dblac;"}, {U'\u010E', U"&Dcaron;"}, {U'\u010F', U"&dcaron;"}, {U'\u0414', U"&Dcy;"}, {U'\u0434', U"&dcy;"}, {U'\u21CA', U"&ddarr;"}, {U'\u2146', U"&dd;"}, {U'\u2911', U"&DDotrahd;"}, {U'\u2A77', U"&ddotseq;"}, {U'\u00B0', U"&deg;"}, {U'\u2207', U"&Del;"}, {U'\u0394', U"&Delta;"}, {U'\u03B4', U"&delta;"}, {U'\u29B1', U"&demptyv;"}, {U'\u297F', U"&dfisht;"}, {U'\U0001d507', U"&Dfr;"}, {U'\U0001d521', U"&dfr;"}, {U'\u2965', U"&dHar;"}, {U'\u21C3', U"&dharl;"}, {U'\u21C2', U"&dharr;"}, {U'\u02D9', U"&DiacriticalDot;"}, {U'\u0060', U"&DiacriticalGrave;"}, {U'\u02DC', U"&DiacriticalTilde;"}, {U'\u22C4', U"&diam;"}, {U'\u2666', U"&diamondsuit;"}, {U'\u00A8', U"&die;"}, {U'\u03DD', U"&digamma;"}, {U'\u22F2', U"&disin;"}, {U'\u00F7', U"&div;"}, {U'\u22C7', U"&divideontimes;"}, {U'\u0402', U"&DJcy;"}, {U'\u0452', U"&djcy;"}, {U'\u231E', U"&dlcorn;"}, {U'\u230D', U"&dlcrop;"}, {U'\u0024', U"&dollar;"}, {U'\U0001d53b', U"&Dopf;"}, {U'\U0001d555', U"&dopf;"}, {U'\u20DC', U"&DotDot;"}, {U'\u2250', U"&doteq;"}, {U'\u2251', U"&doteqdot;"}, {U'\u2238', U"&dotminus;"}, {U'\u2214', U"&dotplus;"}, {U'\u22A1', U"&dotsquare;"}, {U'\u21D0', U"&DoubleLeftArrow;"}, {U'\u21D4', U"&DoubleLeftRightArrow;"}, {U'\u27F8', U"&DoubleLongLeftArrow;"}, {U'\u27FA', U"&DoubleLongLeftRightArrow;"}, {U'\u27F9', U"&DoubleLongRightArrow;"}, {U'\u21D2', U"&DoubleRightArrow;"}, {U'\u22A8', U"&DoubleRightTee;"}, {U'\u21D1', U"&DoubleUpArrow;"}, {U'\u21D5', U"&DoubleUpDownArrow;"}, {U'\u2225', U"&DoubleVerticalBar;"}, {U'\u2913', U"&DownArrowBar;"}, {U'\u21F5', U"&DownArrowUpArrow;"}, {U'\u0311', U"&DownBreve;"}, {U'\u2950', U"&DownLeftRightVector;"}, {U'\u295E', U"&DownLeftTeeVector;"}, {U'\u2956', U"&DownLeftVectorBar;"}, {U'\u21BD', U"&DownLeftVector;"}, {U'\u295F', U"&DownRightTeeVector;"}, {U'\u2957', U"&DownRightVectorBar;"}, {U'\u21C1', U"&DownRightVector;"}, {U'\u21A7', U"&DownTeeArrow;"}, {U'\u22A4', U"&DownTee;"}, {U'\u2910', U"&drbkarow;"}, {U'\u231F', U"&drcorn;"}, {U'\u230C', U"&drcrop;"}, {U'\U0001d49f', U"&Dscr;"}, {U'\U0001d4b9', U"&dscr;"}, {U'\u0405', U"&DScy;"}, {U'\u0455', U"&dscy;"}, {U'\u29F6', U"&dsol;"}, {U'\u0110', U"&Dstrok;"}, {U'\u0111', U"&dstrok;"}, {U'\u22F1', U"&dtdot;"}, {U'\u25BF', U"&dtri;"}, {U'\u296F', U"&duhar;"}, {U'\u29A6', U"&dwangle;"}, {U'\u040F', U"&DZcy;"}, {U'\u045F', U"&dzcy;"}, {U'\u27FF', U"&dzigrarr;"}, {U'\u00C9', U"&Eacute;"}, {U'\u00E9', U"&eacute;"}, {U'\u2A6E', U"&easter;"}, {U'\u011A', U"&Ecaron;"}, {U'\u011B', U"&ecaron;"}, {U'\u00CA', U"&Ecirc;"}, {U'\u00EA', U"&ecirc;"}, {U'\u2256', U"&ecir;"}, {U'\u2255', U"&ecolon;"}, {U'\u042D', U"&Ecy;"}, {U'\u044D', U"&ecy;"}, {U'\u0116', U"&Edot;"}, {U'\u0117', U"&edot;"}, {U'\u2147', U"&ee;"}, {U'\u2252', U"&efDot;"}, {U'\U0001d508', U"&Efr;"}, {U'\U0001d522', U"&efr;"}, {U'\u2A9A', U"&eg;"}, {U'\u00C8', U"&Egrave;"}, {U'\u00E8', U"&egrave;"}, {U'\u2A96', U"&egs;"}, {U'\u2A98', U"&egsdot;"}, {U'\u2A99', U"&el;"}, {U'\u2208', U"&Element;"}, {U'\u23E7', U"&elinters;"}, {U'\u2113', U"&ell;"}, {U'\u2A95', U"&els;"}, {U'\u2A97', U"&elsdot;"}, {U'\u0112', U"&Emacr;"}, {U'\u0113', U"&emacr;"}, {U'\u2205', U"&empty;"}, {U'\u25FB', U"&EmptySmallSquare;"}, {U'\u25AB', U"&EmptyVerySmallSquare;"}, {U'\u2004', U"&emsp13;"}, {U'\u2005', U"&emsp14;"}, {U'\u2003', U"&emsp;"}, {U'\u014A', U"&ENG;"}, {U'\u014B', U"&eng;"}, {U'\u2002', U"&ensp;"}, {U'\u0118', U"&Eogon;"}, {U'\u0119', U"&eogon;"}, {U'\U0001d53c', U"&Eopf;"}, {U'\U0001d556', U"&eopf;"}, {U'\u22D5', U"&epar;"}, {U'\u29E3', U"&eparsl;"}, {U'\u2A71', U"&eplus;"}, {U'\u03B5', U"&epsi;"}, {U'\u0395', U"&Epsilon;"}, {U'\u03F5', U"&epsiv;"}, {U'\u2242', U"&eqsim;"}, {U'\u2A75', U"&Equal;"}, {U'\u003D', U"&equals;"}, {U'\u225F', U"&equest;"}, {U'\u21CC', U"&Equilibrium;"}, {U'\u2A78', U"&equivDD;"}, {U'\u29E5', U"&eqvparsl;"}, {U'\u2971', U"&erarr;"}, {U'\u2253', U"&erDot;"}, {U'\u212F', U"&escr;"}, {U'\u2130', U"&Escr;"}, {U'\u2A73', U"&Esim;"}, {U'\u0397', U"&Eta;"}, {U'\u03B7', U"&eta;"}, {U'\u00D0', U"&ETH;"}, {U'\u00F0', U"&eth;"}, {U'\u00CB', U"&Euml;"}, {U'\u00EB', U"&euml;"}, {U'\u20AC', U"&euro;"}, {U'\u0021', U"&excl;"}, {U'\u2203', U"&exist;"}, {U'\u0424', U"&Fcy;"}, {U'\u0444', U"&fcy;"}, {U'\u2640', U"&female;"}, {U'\uFB03', U"&ffilig;"}, {U'\uFB00', U"&fflig;"}, {U'\uFB04', U"&ffllig;"}, {U'\U0001d509', U"&Ffr;"}, {U'\U0001d523', U"&ffr;"}, {U'\uFB01', U"&filig;"}, {U'\u25FC', U"&FilledSmallSquare;"}, /*{U'\u0066',U""},*/ {U'\u266D', U"&flat;"}, {U'\uFB02', U"&fllig;"}, {U'\u25B1', U"&fltns;"}, {U'\u0192', U"&fnof;"}, {U'\U0001d53d', U"&Fopf;"}, {U'\U0001d557', U"&fopf;"}, {U'\u2200', U"&forall;"}, {U'\u22D4', U"&fork;"}, {U'\u2AD9', U"&forkv;"}, {U'\u2131', U"&Fouriertrf;"}, {U'\u2A0D', U"&fpartint;"}, {U'\u00BD', U"&frac12;"}, {U'\u2153', U"&frac13;"}, {U'\u00BC', U"&frac14;"}, {U'\u2155', U"&frac15;"}, {U'\u2159', U"&frac16;"}, {U'\u215B', U"&frac18;"}, {U'\u2154', U"&frac23;"}, {U'\u2156', U"&frac25;"}, {U'\u00BE', U"&frac34;"}, {U'\u2157', U"&frac35;"}, {U'\u215C', U"&frac38;"}, {U'\u2158', U"&frac45;"}, {U'\u215A', U"&frac56;"}, {U'\u215D', U"&frac58;"}, {U'\u215E', U"&frac78;"}, {U'\u2044', U"&frasl;"}, {U'\u2322', U"&frown;"}, {U'\U0001d4bb', U"&fscr;"}, {U'\u01F5', U"&gacute;"}, {U'\u0393', U"&Gamma;"}, {U'\u03B3', U"&gamma;"}, {U'\u03DC', U"&Gammad;"}, {U'\u2A86', U"&gap;"}, {U'\u011E', U"&Gbreve;"}, {U'\u011F', U"&gbreve;"}, {U'\u0122', U"&Gcedil;"}, {U'\u011C', U"&Gcirc;"}, {U'\u011D', U"&gcirc;"}, {U'\u0413', U"&Gcy;"}, {U'\u0433', U"&gcy;"}, {U'\u0120', U"&Gdot;"}, {U'\u0121', U"&gdot;"}, {U'\u2265', U"&ge;"}, {U'\u2267', U"&gE;"}, {U'\u2A8C', U"&gEl;"}, {U'\u22DB', U"&gel;"}, {U'\u2A7E', U"&geqslant;"}, {U'\u2AA9', U"&gescc;"}, {U'\u2A80', U"&gesdot;"}, {U'\u2A82', U"&gesdoto;"}, {U'\u2A84', U"&gesdotol;"}, {U'\u22DB', U""}, {U'\u2A94', U"&gesles;"}, {U'\U0001d50a', U"&Gfr;"}, {U'\U0001d524', U"&gfr;"}, {U'\u226B', U"&gg;"}, {U'\u22D9', U"&Gg;"}, {U'\u2137', U"&gimel;"}, {U'\u0403', U"&GJcy;"}, {U'\u0453', U"&gjcy;"}, {U'\u2AA5', U"&gla;"}, {U'\u2277', U"&gl;"}, {U'\u2A92', U"&glE;"}, {U'\u2AA4', U"&glj;"}, {U'\u2A8A', U"&gnap;"}, {U'\u2A88', U"&gne;"}, {U'\u2269', U"&gnE;"}, 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U"&Udblac;"}, {U'\u0171', U"&udblac;"}, {U'\u296E', U"&udhar;"}, {U'\u297E', U"&ufisht;"}, {U'\U0001d518', U"&Ufr;"}, {U'\U0001d532', U"&ufr;"}, {U'\u00D9', U"&Ugrave;"}, {U'\u00F9', U"&ugrave;"}, {U'\u2963', U"&uHar;"}, {U'\u2580', U"&uhblk;"}, {U'\u231C', U"&ulcorn;"}, {U'\u230F', U"&ulcrop;"}, {U'\u25F8', U"&ultri;"}, {U'\u016A', U"&Umacr;"}, {U'\u016B', U"&umacr;"}, {U'\u23DF', U"&UnderBrace;"}, {U'\u23DD', U"&UnderParenthesis;"}, {U'\u228E', U"&UnionPlus;"}, {U'\u0172', U"&Uogon;"}, {U'\u0173', U"&uogon;"}, {U'\U0001d54c', U"&Uopf;"}, {U'\U0001d566', U"&uopf;"}, {U'\u2912', U"&UpArrowBar;"}, {U'\u2195', U"&updownarrow;"}, {U'\u03C5', U"&upsi;"}, {U'\u03D2', U"&Upsi;"}, {U'\u03A5', U"&Upsilon;"}, {U'\u21C8', U"&upuparrows;"}, {U'\u231D', U"&urcorn;"}, {U'\u230E', U"&urcrop;"}, {U'\u016E', U"&Uring;"}, {U'\u016F', U"&uring;"}, {U'\u25F9', U"&urtri;"}, {U'\U0001d4b0', U"&Uscr;"}, {U'\U0001d4ca', U"&uscr;"}, {U'\u22F0', U"&utdot;"}, {U'\u0168', U"&Utilde;"}, {U'\u0169', U"&utilde;"}, {U'\u00DC', U"&Uuml;"}, {U'\u00FC', U"&uuml;"}, {U'\u29A7', U"&uwangle;"}, {U'\u299C', U"&vangrt;"}, {U'\u228A', U""}, {U'\u2ACB', U""}, {U'\u228B', U""}, {U'\u2ACC', U""}, {U'\u2AE8', U"&vBar;"}, {U'\u2AEB', U"&Vbar;"}, {U'\u2AE9', U"&vBarv;"}, {U'\u0412', U"&Vcy;"}, {U'\u0432', U"&vcy;"}, {U'\u22A9', U"&Vdash;"}, {U'\u22AB', U"&VDash;"}, {U'\u2AE6', U"&Vdashl;"}, {U'\u22BB', U"&veebar;"}, {U'\u225A', U"&veeeq;"}, {U'\u22EE', U"&vellip;"}, {U'\u007C', U"&verbar;"}, {U'\u2016', U"&Verbar;"}, {U'\u2758', U"&VerticalSeparator;"}, {U'\u2240', U"&VerticalTilde;"}, {U'\U0001d519', U"&Vfr;"}, {U'\U0001d533', U"&vfr;"}, {U'\U0001d54d', U"&Vopf;"}, {U'\U0001d567', U"&vopf;"}, {U'\U0001d4b1', U"&Vscr;"}, {U'\U0001d4cb', U"&vscr;"}, {U'\u22AA', U"&Vvdash;"}, {U'\u299A', U"&vzigzag;"}, {U'\u0174', U"&Wcirc;"}, {U'\u0175', U"&wcirc;"}, {U'\u2A5F', U"&wedbar;"}, {U'\u2259', U"&wedgeq;"}, {U'\u2118', U"&weierp;"}, {U'\U0001d51a', U"&Wfr;"}, {U'\U0001d534', U"&wfr;"}, {U'\U0001d54e', U"&Wopf;"}, {U'\U0001d568', U"&wopf;"}, {U'\U0001d4b2', U"&Wscr;"}, {U'\U0001d4cc', U"&wscr;"}, {U'\U0001d51b', U"&Xfr;"}, {U'\U0001d535', U"&xfr;"}, {U'\u039E', U"&Xi;"}, {U'\u03BE', U"&xi;"}, {U'\u22FB', U"&xnis;"}, {U'\U0001d54f', U"&Xopf;"}, {U'\U0001d569', U"&xopf;"}, {U'\U0001d4b3', U"&Xscr;"}, {U'\U0001d4cd', U"&xscr;"}, {U'\u00DD', U"&Yacute;"}, {U'\u00FD', U"&yacute;"}, {U'\u042F', U"&YAcy;"}, {U'\u044F', U"&yacy;"}, {U'\u0176', U"&Ycirc;"}, {U'\u0177', U"&ycirc;"}, {U'\u042B', U"&Ycy;"}, {U'\u044B', U"&ycy;"}, {U'\u00A5', U"&yen;"}, {U'\U0001d51c', U"&Yfr;"}, {U'\U0001d536', U"&yfr;"}, {U'\u0407', U"&YIcy;"}, {U'\u0457', U"&yicy;"}, {U'\U0001d550', U"&Yopf;"}, {U'\U0001d56a', U"&yopf;"}, {U'\U0001d4b4', U"&Yscr;"}, {U'\U0001d4ce', U"&yscr;"}, {U'\u042E', U"&YUcy;"}, {U'\u044E', U"&yucy;"}, {U'\u00FF', U"&yuml;"}, {U'\u0178', U"&Yuml;"}, {U'\u0179', U"&Zacute;"}, {U'\u017A', U"&zacute;"}, {U'\u017D', U"&Zcaron;"}, {U'\u017E', U"&zcaron;"}, {U'\u0417', U"&Zcy;"}, {U'\u0437', U"&zcy;"}, {U'\u017B', U"&Zdot;"}, {U'\u017C', U"&zdot;"}, {U'\u2128', U"&zeetrf;"}, {U'\u0396', U"&Zeta;"}, {U'\u03B6', U"&zeta;"}, {U'\U0001d537', U"&zfr;"}, {U'\u0416', U"&ZHcy;"}, {U'\u0436', U"&zhcy;"}, {U'\u21DD', U"&zigrarr;"}, {U'\U0001d56b', U"&zopf;"}, {U'\U0001d4b5', U"&Zscr;"}, {U'\U0001d4cf', U"&zscr;"}, {U'\u200D', U"&zwj;"}, {U'\u200C', U"&zwnj;"}};
 
    unordered_map<char32_t, pair<char32_t, u32string>> const htmlLookaheads =
            {{U'\u223E', make_pair(U'\u0333', U"&acE;")}, {U'\u003D', make_pair(U'\u20E5', U"&bne;")}, {U'\u2261', make_pair(U'\u20E5', U"&bnequiv;")}, {U'\u2229', make_pair(U'\uFE00', U"&caps;")}, {U'\u222A', make_pair(U'\uFE00', U"&cups;")},
             //{U'\u0066',make_pair(U'\u006A', U"&fjlig;")},
             {U'\u22DB', make_pair(U'\uFE00', U"&gesl;")},
             {U'\u2269', make_pair(U'\uFE00', U"&gvertneqq;")},
             {U'\u2AAD', make_pair(U'\uFE00', U"&lates;")},
             {U'\u22DA', make_pair(U'\uFE00', U"&lesg;")},
             {U'\u2268', make_pair(U'\uFE00', U"&lvertneqq;")},
             {U'\u2220', make_pair(U'\u20D2', U"&nang;")},
             {U'\u2A70', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&napE;")},
             {U'\u224B', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&napid;")},
             {U'\u224E', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&nbump;")},
             {U'\u224F', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&nbumpe;")},
             {U'\u2A6D', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&ncongdot;")},
             {U'\u2250', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&nedot;")},
             {U'\u2242', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&nesim;")},
             {U'\u2267', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&ngE;")},
             {U'\u2A7E', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&ngeqslant;")},
             {U'\u22D9', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&nGg;")},
             {U'\u226B', make_pair(U'\u20D2', U"&nGt;")},
             {U'\u226B', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&nGtv;")},
             {U'\u2266', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&nlE;")},
             {U'\u2A7D', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&nleqslant;")},
             {U'\u22D8', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&nLl;")},
             {U'\u226A', make_pair(U'\u20D2', U"&nLt;")},
             {U'\u226A', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&nLtv;")},
             {U'\u22F5', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&notindot;")},
             {U'\u22F9', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&notinE;")},
             {U'\u29CF', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&NotLeftTriangleBar;")},
             {U'\u2AA2', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&NotNestedGreaterGreater;")},
             {U'\u2AA1', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&NotNestedLessLess;")},
             {U'\u2AAF', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&NotPrecedesEqual;")},
             {U'\u29D0', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&NotRightTriangleBar;")},
             {U'\u228F', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&NotSquareSubset;")},
             {U'\u2290', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&NotSquareSuperset;")},
             {U'\u2282', make_pair(U'\u20D2', U"&NotSubset;")},
             {U'\u2AB0', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&NotSucceedsEqual;")},
             {U'\u227F', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&NotSucceedsTilde;")},
             {U'\u2283', make_pair(U'\u20D2', U"&NotSuperset;")},
             {U'\u2AFD', make_pair(U'\u20E5', U"&nparsl;")},
             {U'\u2202', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&npart;")},
             {U'\u2933', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&nrarrc;")},
             {U'\u219D', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&nrarrw;")},
             {U'\u2AC5', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&nsubE;")},
             {U'\u2AC6', make_pair(U'\u0338', U"&nsupE;")},
             {U'\u224D', make_pair(U'\u20D2', U"&nvap;")},
             {U'\u2265', make_pair(U'\u20D2', U"&nvge;")},
             {U'\u003E', make_pair(U'\u20D2', U"&nvgt;")},
             {U'\u2264', make_pair(U'\u20D2', U"&nvle;")},
             {U'\u003C', make_pair(U'\u20D2', U"&nvlt;")},
             {U'\u22B4', make_pair(U'\u20D2', U"&nvltrie;")},
             {U'\u22B5', make_pair(U'\u20D2', U"&nvrtrie;")},
             {U'\u223C', make_pair(U'\u20D2', U"&nvsim;")},
             {U'\u223D', make_pair(U'\u0331', U"&race;")},
             {U'\u2AAC', make_pair(U'\uFE00', U"&smtes;")},
             {U'\u2293', make_pair(U'\uFE00', U"&sqcaps;")},
             {U'\u2294', make_pair(U'\uFE00', U"&sqcups;")},
             {U'\u205F', make_pair(U'\u200A', U"&ThickSpace;")},
             {U'\u228A', make_pair(U'\uFE00', U"&varsubsetneq;")},
             {U'\u2ACB', make_pair(U'\uFE00', U"&varsubsetneqq;")},
             {U'\u228B', make_pair(U'\uFE00', U"&varsupsetneq;")},
             {U'\u2ACC', make_pair(U'\uFE00', U"&varsupsetneqq;")}};
 
    unordered_map<u32string, pair<char32_t, char32_t>> htmlDecodeTable;
 
    unordered_set<char> const urlUnreserved =
            {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S',
             'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l',
             'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4',
             '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '-', '_', '.', '~'};
 
    void initializeHtmlDecodeTable() {
        // add entities
        for (auto& e : htmlEntities) {
            // if string is empty, we need to look at htmlLookahead
            if (!e.second.empty()) {
                htmlDecodeTable.insert(make_pair(e.second, make_pair(e.first, U'\0')));
            } else if (htmlLookaheads.count(e.first) == 1) {
                auto const& lookahead = htmlLookaheads.at(e.first);
                char32_t secondChar = lookahead.first;
                htmlDecodeTable.insert(make_pair(lookahead.second, make_pair(e.first, secondChar)));
            }
        }
        // &fjlig; is a strange entity that represents just the characters fj
        // for that reason, it is not included (or commented out) in the entity tables
        htmlDecodeTable.insert(make_pair(U"&fjlig;", make_pair(U'\u0066', U'\u006A')));
    }
 
}// namespace
 
string encoding::htmlEncode(string input, bool encodeAll) {
    if (!encodeAll) {
        boost::replace_all(input, "&", "&amp;");
        boost::replace_all(input, "\"", "&quot;");
        boost::replace_all(input, "<", "&lt;");
        boost::replace_all(input, ">", "&gt;");
    } else {
        // convert to utf32 to iterate through the characters
        wstring_convert<codecvt_utf8<char32_t>, char32_t> cv;
        u32string uinput = cv.from_bytes(input);
        ostringstream output;
        char32_t lookahead = '\0';
        for (char32_t c : uinput) {
            if (lookahead != '\0') {
                // if we have a lookahead, check the htmlLookahead map if there is an entity for that
                // (there should always be one, if the map is correct)
                if (htmlLookaheads.count(lookahead) != 1) {
                    output << cv.to_bytes(lookahead);
                    lookahead = '\0';
                } else {
                    // check whether the current char matches the second char for the entity
                    auto& currentLA = htmlLookaheads.at(lookahead);
                    if (currentLA.first == c) {
                        output << cv.to_bytes(currentLA.second);
                        lookahead = '\0';
                        continue;
                    } else {
                        output << cv.to_bytes(lookahead);
                        lookahead = '\0';
                    }
                }
            }
            if (htmlEntities.count(c) == 1) {
                if (htmlEntities.at(c).empty()) {
                    // empty entity string means that entity stands for 2 characters
                    lookahead = c;
                } else {
                    output << cv.to_bytes(htmlEntities.at(c));
                }
            } else {
                output << cv.to_bytes(c);
            }
        }
        // if lookahead is not \0, the last char has been (falsely) identified as lookahead
        if (lookahead != '\0') {
            output << cv.to_bytes(lookahead);
        }
        input = output.str();
    }
    return input;
}
 
string encoding::htmlDecode(string input) {
 
    if (htmlDecodeTable.empty())
        initializeHtmlDecodeTable();
 
    regex matchEntity(R"(&[A-Za-z0-9]{1,25}?;)");
 
    // callback function
    auto replaceEntity = [](vector<string> const& matches) -> string {
        wstring_convert<codecvt_utf8<char32_t>, char32_t> cv;
        auto entity32 = cv.from_bytes(matches.at(0));
        if (htmlDecodeTable.count(entity32) != 1) {
            return matches.at(0);
        } else {
            ostringstream ret;
            ret << cv.to_bytes(htmlDecodeTable.at(entity32).first);
            auto secondChar = htmlDecodeTable.at(entity32).second;
            if (secondChar != '\0') {
                ret << cv.to_bytes(secondChar);
            }
            return ret.str();
        }
    };
 
    // run replacement
    utils::regexReplaceCallback(input, matchEntity, replaceEntity);
 
    // unicode replacement
    regex matchUnicode(R"(&#(x([A-Fa-f0-9]{1,5})|([0-9]{1,6}));)");
    auto replaceUnicode = [](vector<string> const& matches) -> string {
        wstring_convert<codecvt_utf8<char32_t>, char32_t> cv;
        // first alternative: decimal
        char32_t c;
        if (matches.size() < 3) {
            return "";
        }
        if (matches.size() > 3 && !matches.at(3).empty()) {
            c = (char32_t) stoul(matches.at(3));
        }
        // second alternative: hex
        else if (!matches.at(2).empty()) {
            c = (char32_t) stoul(matches.at(2), nullptr, 16);
        } else {
            return "";
        }
        u32string outs(1, c);
        return cv.to_bytes(outs);
    };
    utils::regexReplaceCallback(input, matchUnicode, replaceUnicode);
 
    return input;
}
 
string encoding::urlEncode(string const& input) {
    stringstream out;
 
    // check if character is valid, unreserved URL character, otherwise apply url encoding
    for (char c : input) {
        if (urlUnreserved.count(c) == 1) {
            out << c;
        } else {
            ios init(nullptr);
            init.copyfmt(out);
            out << '%' << uppercase << hex << setw(2) << setfill('0') << (int) (unsigned char) c;
            out.copyfmt(init);
        }
    }
 
    return out.str();
}
 
string encoding::urlDecode(string input) {
    // match url codes by regex
    regex matchCode(R"(%([0-9A-F]{2}))");
 
    // replacement function
    auto replaceCode = [](vector<string> const& matches) -> string {
        return string(1, (char) stoul(matches.at(1), nullptr, 16));
    };
 
    utils::regexReplaceCallback(input, matchCode, replaceCode);
 
    return input;
}
 
bool encoding::isBase64(string const& input, bool allowWhitespaces) {
    regex rgx;
    if (allowWhitespaces) {
        rgx.assign(R"([A-Za-z0-9\+/ \t\n\r]+={0,2})");
    } else {
        rgx.assign(R"([A-Za-z0-9\+/]+={0,2})");
    }
    return regex_match(input, rgx);
}
 
string
encoding::base64Encode(string const& input, size_t breakAfter, string const& breakSequence) {
    return base64_encode(reinterpret_cast<unsigned char const*>(input.c_str()), input.length(), breakAfter,
                         breakSequence);
}
 
string encoding::base64Decode(string const& input) {
    return base64_decode(input);
}
 
string encoding::quotedPrintableEncode(string const& input, string const& lineEnding, bool replaceCrlf, bool qEncoding) {
    stringstream ret;
    int lineCount = 0;
    for (const char c : input) {
        // TODO do not replace =09 (tabulator)? spaces at the end of a line (shoud be encoded =20)?
        if (c >= 32 && c <= 126 && c != 61 && !(qEncoding && (c == 32 || c == 63 || c == 95))) {
            if (!qEncoding && lineCount >= 75) {
                ret << "=" << lineEnding;
                lineCount = 0;
            }
            ret << c;
            ++lineCount;
        } else if (!replaceCrlf && (c == 10 || c == 13)) {
            ret << c;
            lineCount = 0;
        } else if (qEncoding && c == 32) {
            // space character represented by '_' in Q-encoding
            ret << '_';
            ++lineCount;
        } else {
            if (!qEncoding && lineCount >= 73) {
                ret << "=" << lineEnding;
                lineCount = 0;
            }
            ret << "=" << utils::toUppercase(utils::hexDump(string(1, c)));
            lineCount += 3;
        }
    }
    return ret.str();
}
 
string encoding::quotedPrintableDecode(string input, bool qEncoding) {
    if (qEncoding) {
        input = utils::stringReplace(input, {{'_', ' '}});
    }
 
    regex matchCode(R"(=([0-9A-F]{2}|\r?\n))");
 
    // replacement function
    auto replaceCode = [](vector<string> const& matches) -> string {
        return (matches.at(1) == "\r\n" || matches.at(1) == "\n")
                       ? string()
                       : string(1, (char) stoul(matches.at(1), nullptr, 16));
    };
 
    utils::regexReplaceCallback(input, matchCode, replaceCode);
 
    return input;
}
 
string encoding::makeEncodedWord(string const& input, bool base64, bool onlyIfNecessary) {
    stringstream ret;
    ret << "=?utf-8?";
    if (base64) {
        ret << "B?" << base64Encode(input);
    } else {
        auto qpEncoded = quotedPrintableEncode(input, "", true, true);
        if (onlyIfNecessary && qpEncoded == utils::stringReplace(input, {{" ", "_"}})) {
            return input;
        }
        ret << "Q?" << qpEncoded;
    }
    ret << "?=";
    return ret.str();
}
 
string encoding::punycodeEncode(string const& input) {
    wstring_convert<codecvt_utf8<char32_t>, char32_t> cv;
    vector<string> partsToBeEncoded = utils::splitString(input, '.', true);
    stringstream ret;
    bool firstPart = true;
    for (auto const& part : partsToBeEncoded) {
        basic_string<char32_t> wstr = cv.from_bytes(part);
        string pret(part.size() * 4, '\0');
        size_t pretSize = pret.size();
        punycode_encode(reinterpret_cast<uint32_t const*>(wstr.c_str()), wstr.size(), &pret[0], &pretSize);
        pret.resize(pretSize);
 
        if (firstPart) {
            firstPart = false;
        } else {
            ret << '.';
        }
        if (pret != part) {
            ret << "xn--";
        }
        ret << pret;
    }
    return ret.str();
}
 
string encoding::punycodeDecode(string const& input) {
    wstring_convert<codecvt_utf8<char32_t>, char32_t> cv;
    vector<string> partsToBeDecoded = utils::splitString(input, '.', true);
    stringstream ret;
    bool firstPart = true;
    for (string part : partsToBeDecoded) {
        if (part.substr(0, 4) == "xn--") {
            part = part.substr(4);
        } else {
            if (firstPart) {
                firstPart = false;
            } else {
                ret << '.';
            }
            ret << part;
            continue;
        }
 
        basic_string<char32_t> wpret(part.size(), L'\0');
        size_t wpretSize = wpret.size();
        punycode_decode(part.c_str(), part.length(), reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(&wpret[0]), &wpretSize);
        wpret.resize(wpretSize);
 
        if (firstPart) {
            firstPart = false;
        } else {
            ret << '.';
        }
        ret << cv.to_bytes(wpret);
    }
    return ret.str();
}